How Many SAT Subject Tests Should I Take

How Many SAT Subject Tests Should I Take SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips Decisions, decisions! Not only do you have to make up your mind about which Subject Tests to take, you also have to decide how many Subject Tests to take. In this guide we'll look at the most important considerations when signing up for Subject Tests so you can be confident about your choice. How Many SAT Subject Tests Should You Take? This isn't as simple a question to answer as you may think; there are actually multiple factors to take into consideration. To make it easy for you, we'll go over all the key questions you should ask yourself. #1: What Do the Colleges You're Applying to Require? The most important factor in answering this question is the requirement of your colleges.Schools require zero, one, two, or three Subject Tests. The most selective schools usually require two Subject Tests. Georgetown is one exception that comes to mind - they want to see three. Click here to learn more about SAT Subject Test Scores for the Ivy League and other selective schools. If a college asks for two, you probably shouldn't send along more than two. If you do take more than is required, the college should look at your highest scores. It will also consider your highest score if you sit for the same test more than once, but it might appear less strong to admissions officers if they see you took several tries to achieve a certain score. Besides its required number of Subject Tests, you also need to know if the colleges you're applying to have any specific requirements or expectations for which ones you take. Subject Tests requirements might differ by academic program. An engineering program, for example, probably wants to see math and science. Technical schools like MIT and CalTech require one math and one science Subject Test to apply. Check out our comprehensive list of all the colleges that require, recommend, or consider the SAT Subject Tests here. Remember, when a college "recommends," but does not require the tests, it's still a good idea to take them! It shows that you're putting forth extra effort and challenging yourself, along with demonstrating your academic strengths. Plus many colleges appreciate Subject Tests as a somewhat objective measure of your learning. While high school classes and grading systems vary across the country, the SAT and SAT Subject Tests are a nationally accepted standard meant to test students' academic knowledge on a level playing field. Once you're confident about the requirements of your colleges, you can reflect on your strengths and interests. #2: Which Subjects Do You Know Well? Are you intrigued by the process through which plants turn sunlight into food? Do you love learning about population flows within an ecosystem? Are word problems fun head-scratchers, or would you rather be reading Jane Austen and Mark Twain? By the way, if you answered "yes" to any of the above, my Subject Test recommendations would be Biological Molecular, Biology Ecological, Math, and Literature, respectively! Reflect on what you know, what you like, and in what subject areas you can perform well. Subject Tests are your opportunity to show that you've studied and gained significant knowledge in a particular area. Choose wisely so that you not only get a high score to add to your application, but you also add another dimension to the story of who you are and what you like. For more on this, check out our expert guide: Which Subject Tests Should You Take? If you feel you excel in several subjects, you may want to take three tests in one day (the maximum, unless there are Listening tests involved). Then, time permitting, you can choose your highest scores and send them along to your colleges. However, you don't want to give yourself unnecessary stress or waste time studying for a test you don't need. When Harvard says they want two tests, they want two - not four! To learn what makes a good score for each Subject Test, check out the full breakdown here. Another important consideration in choosing and preparing for the Subject Tests is how much time you can realistically devote to studying. No need to over-commit! #3: How Much Time Do You Have to Prep? As I mentioned above, there's no need to over-commit yourself and exceed requirements. Admissions officers are busy looking at thousands of applications. They want to see the number they require or recommend: no more, no less. Since you can take up to three in one day, you may feel that taking three will benefit you. If that's the case, make sure you have a thoughtful study plan in place. You wouldn't want your prep time to take away from studying for the general SAT, AP exams, or finals. At the same time, sometimes Subject Test and AP prep so closely align that you can kill two birds with one stone. Speaking of all these other tests you have to take, when should you fit in the Subject Tests, anyway? Click here for tips and strategies for choosing your SAT Subject Test dates for 2015 and 2016 and planning an effective study schedule. To Sum Up... Just how many SAT Subject Tests do you need to take? Most selective schools require two Subject Tests, but check with your school of interest to make sure and find out about any special instructions. Some schools have specific tests in mind, others want to see a range of subjects, and others differ depending on the program to which you're applying. While you may feel like no Subject Test requirement means you're off the hook, your school might still recommend them. For all intents and purposes, let's just interpret "recommends" as "requires." Unless you have a really good reason or the tests present a financial barrier*, you should still abide by your school's "recommendation" and send along your scores. *If finances make it difficult for you to take the tests, speak with admissions officers and investigate whether you qualify for an SAT fee waiver. What's Next? All the Subjects Tests are one hour in length, but the number and type of questions you have to answer in that hour vary by test. For a breakdown of exactly "how long" each test really is, check out this article here. For more on the differences between the tests,find answers to all your questions about "What are the SAT Subject Tests?" here. Do you know yet if you're taking the SAT or the ACT? This article offers a full technical breakdown of the differences between the two tests so you can figure out which one is best for you and your college applications. Need a little extra help prepping for your Subject Tests? We have the industry's leading SAT Subject Test prep programs (for all non-language Subject Tests). Built by Harvard grads and SAT Subject Test full or 99th %ile scorers, the program learns your strengths and weaknesses through advanced statistics, then customizes your prep program to you so that you get the most effective prep possible. Learn more about our Subject Test products below:

Postal Codes in Canada Information

Postal Codes in Canada Information In Canada, postal codes are used as part of every mailing address. They are designed to help Canada Post, the Canadian Crown corporation which provides postal services in Canada, sort mail efficiently and accurately, whether its done mechanically or by hand. Note: postal code is an official mark (OM) of Canada Post Corporation. Look up Postal Codes for CanadaLook up postal codes for street addresses and rural addresses, or find a range of addresses for a postal code. Postal code locator tool from Canada Post. Find an Address for a Postal Code in CanadaFormerly called Reverse Search, Canada Post helps you find full address information for a postal code you enter in this tool. The Format of a Canadian Postal Code A Canadian postal code has six alphanumeric characters. There is a single space after the first three characters. Example: ANA NANwhere A is a capital letter of the alphabet and N is a number. The first character in a postal code represents the province, or part of a province, or territory. The first set of three characters is the Forward Sortation Area or FSA. It provides the basic geographic sorting for mail. The second set of characters is the Local Delivery Unit or LDU. It could indicate a small rural community or in urban areas a location as specific as an individual building. The Canadian Postal Code in an Address Label In address labels, postal codes should be placed on the same line of the address as the name of the municipality and abbreviation of province or territory. The postal code should be separated from the province abbreviation by two spaces. Example:NAME OF MEMBER OF PARLIAMENTHOUSE OF COMMONSOTTAWA ON K1A 0A6CANADA(Note: Canada is not required for domestic mail) Handy Uses of Postal Codes As well as making the sorting and delivery of mail more efficient, postal codes are used for a variety of other purposes in Canada - in marketing for instance. There are many ways for postal codes to be helpful in day to day life. For example: Use a postal code to find the nearest postal outlet.Find your federal riding and member of parliament.Find a Service Canada office near you to access information on federal government programs.The Web sites of major stores in Canada provide store locators to find the nearest outlet using a postal code.Most Canadian banks also have  online tools that use postal codes to find the nearest bank branches and ATMs and bank machines. Did You Know? Here are a few little-known facts about Canadian postal codes. The Canadian postal code was first introduced in Ottawa, Canadas capital, in 1971. For other significant milestones in the development of postal services in Canada, see The Chronology of Canadian Postal History (since 1506) from the Museum of Canadian History.In 2011, there were approximately 834,000 postal codes in Canada, according to Statistics Canada.Santa Claus has his very own postal code. See Write to Santa.All members of parliament have the same postal code - K1A 0A6. International Postal Codes Other countries have similar postal code systems. In the United States, ZIP codes are used. In the United Kingdom, they are called postcodes.

Samsung company analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Samsung company analysis - Essay Example The market is expected to grow at 7% annually globally between 2012 and 2015 with the 3D TV product category as the fastest growing segment in the industry. Sales in consumer electronics recorded a 10% growth in 2011 (almost $965 billion) from a 13% sales growth in 2010 ($875 billion) (Reportlinker 2013). One of the leading consumer electronic brands in the industry is Samsung Electronics, part of the Samsung Group which is headquartered in Seoul Korea. The company registered revenue of KRW 145,044,766 (USD 129,666,338) in the 3rd quarter of 2012 (latest figure available) and had been experiencing an average increase of net profit of 50 % since 2009 (Data Monitor 2011). The company occupies the top position in the television and monitor product category and the world’s largest producer of DRAM, SRAM, and flash memory. It is also involved in the manufacture of other consumer electronics product such as smartphone, computer tablet and home appliance. According to its CEO, Samsun g prides as the â€Å"fastest in commercializing original technologies† where innovation is encouraged by holding â€Å"competition between four main divisions--semiconductors, telecommunications, digital media and flat-screen panels† on who could best deliver the most innovative product that made the company a market leader in color TVs, VCRs, liquid-crystal displays and digital memory devices (Foroohar 2004). II. Environmental/back ground Analysis The external environment of Samsung is highly competitive (see appendices). Industry players are always looking for ways to innovate their products and ways to cut on their prices to make their product more attractive to the consumers. In addition to it, they are also looking for ways to develop new products that would debunk existing products such as the case of Sony Walkman that became obsolete with Apple’s iPod. Suppliers are also used as strategic weapon to leverage companies against competitors. In sum, the cons umer electronics industry is one of the most competitive industries because many players wanted to cash in on its phenomenal growth. III. The Company – Internal Analysis Samsung has undoubtedly strong brand recall. This is substantiated by Fortune’s ranking of Samsung Electronics as the second most admired company in global electronics which bids well for Samsung in its position in the market. A strong brand recall provides a company a strong competitive edge because consumers tend to patronize brands that they trust. Research and development is one of the strongest if not the strongest component of Samsung Electronics as a company. This constant focus on research and development enabled the company to become one of the leading brands today from being a nuisance brand in the 1990s. This penchant for research and development has been the company’s practice since 1990s particularly during the Asian Crisis where it was the only activity in the company that Samsung did not cut on cost. It continued its focus on R&D that in 2010, it spent as much as 5.9% of its total revenue in research. This focus in R&D did not only help Samsung to dominate certain product categories but also helped the company to launch new products recently and contributed to its success signfiicantly. Its effort and allocation of its resources

Art appreciation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 3

Art appreciation - Essay Example ating the strategy, foundations, and styles of Jackson Pollock, can one start to appreciate the sheer peculiarity of Pollocks work that makes it so amazing. Pollock’s compositions reflect a profound certainty. Pollock appeared to paint for nobody but himself, a thought that he enunciated when he uttered, "Painting is self revelation. Each great artist paints what he is†. In his depictions, Pollock communicated his own feelings and painted precisely the way he wished, disregarding the impacts of popular culture, faultfinders, or negative remarks. Pollock was ready to go for risks in his specialty, ignoring the limits of specialized experimentation, as he produced his own remarkable style. Pollocks sketches are many-sided, profoundly complex, and intriguing. Huge numbers of them are excellent. The sheer size of them can be amazing. However, what makes Pollocks work so noteworthy is that he made a set of depictions that are hard to copy or imitate. They were progressive at the time Pollock made them, yet they are still generally as radical and extraordinary today. Jackson Pollock put much exertion and thought into his sketches, so every stream of paint was laid on the canvas with reason, a thinking that maybe just he caught on. This thing makes Pollocks compositions so precious today. I suppose there are some positive trends in the 21st century that were not in the 16th century art. For instance, the new advanced technology has played a bigger role in transforming art into postmodernism. The artist in the 21st century is improving art in terms of appearance due to the high technology. I am both disappointed and surprised about the 21st art. This is because the present art has been manipulated by the ever-growing use of technology hence artists are not talented nut just imposing themselves for material gain. However, there some improved features in the current art that were absent in the artistic works. The current art is not as interesting as compare to the

Nature versus nurture Essay Example for Free

Nature versus nurture Essay The debate between nature vs. nurture has been a controversial and debated topic for centuries. It is a debate on whether or not human development is molded by their genetics or their environment. Many scientist and philosophers have debated and made their own theories for the matter, including Charles Darwin, who in the 18th century developed the theory that human development was shaped by their parents’ genetics. In contrary to Darwin, the French naturalist Jean Lamarck had a completely different view on human development, claiming that genetics did not matter in human development and that the biggest factor in human development was the environment in which this human was developed. Both men had great points and theories but through the years Darwin’s theory has been favored; but as of lately scientists are currently starting to lean more and more to Lamarck’s theory. Agreeing with the scientist, I too am also leaning towards Lamarck’s theory. Although I do believe that human development is definitely shaped by their parent’s genetics, I believe that no matter how good your genetics are that if you are put in a bad environment, your development will be negatively effected, regardless of how good your genes were. Ironically, this debate of nature vs. nurture carried through to a book I was assigned to read this summer called East of Eden. East of Eden was a very interesting and complex book and is one of those books that every time you read it you will discover something interesting and new that you never discovered before. One of the main interesting things that you will discover when reading this book is the idea of timshel, which is introduced by one of the characters in the novel named Lee. Lee was the servant to the main family in the novel and throughout the novel is trying to teach and spread his idea of timshel to one of the main characters in the book Cal. Cal is mischievous and pernicious, and is also a risk taker, and he is also haunted with the idea that he is evil and that he is forced to be evil because his mom was also evil and that he had acquired her genetics. Lee’s purpose in sharing timshel to Cal was to coax him that every human had the ability to be good and that no human is stuck being evil and that with persistence every one can become good. Cal at first is hesitant to believe Lee’s theory but by the end of the book begins to appreciate and believe, that I the main connection between East of Eden and the debate between nature vs. nurture.

Compare And Contrast The Star And The Necklace :: essays research papers

The story â€Å"The Star†, which was written in 1970’s, is trying to say that we need to understand the truth of our fate rather than put on blinders and quit refusing everything else that we don’t want to see. In the story â€Å"The Necklace† written by Guy De Maupassant the woman worked herself to the bone for ten years trying to pay off the debt used to pay for the necklace she lost at the ball. The woman in this story is a poor pretty woman who thought she deserved a better life than one that she already had. The main character in this story is a woman named Louis, the daughter of simple working class man. Both stories include a sub theme of a hope for a better life, in which all men were created equal and all the ugly injustices in the world would cease to exist. But the cold hard fact is that we humans have this innate sense of optimism, which blocks our thinking for reality, because without it we would have no reason for living. In the case of the woman in the story "The necklace" the object being the necklace which she eventually loses and tries to replace. Instead of hiding the truth and facing the music, which was harder, to take than when she lied. The old adage which says," What a tangled web weave when we first start to deceive." We humans can't handle the truth. We think we know what is the truth. What that really is just bullshit. It's arrogance-playing tricks on our minds making us think we are in control of our lives. If we really were in control of our lives then why can't we control every little aspect of it that gives discomfort? Because we can't, because we don't know how, and eventually the truth will show that is we don't what the truth really is. Using the slippery slope logic one can conclude that the two stories are more similar than they are different but because the assignment at hand requires for me to compare and contrast in an illustrative manner then I guess I sho uld start. In the story the Star the setting is on a rocket ship with astronauts and the setting in the necklace is old France in the late 1970's. The Star is a science fiction story while the necklace is an illustrative story.

Music Is More Than Just a Source of Entertainment for People All over the World

Music is more than just a source of entertainment for people all over the world. For many, many centuries music has been used for reasons other than just entertainment. Take our National Anthem†¦Ã¢â‚¬ The Star Spangled Banner† for example. It was written as a patriotic song and, its purpose was to evoke the countries struggles of the past, traditions, and its history. During the 1800’s when slavery was permitted the seemingly innocent spirituals, as the slave songs came to be known, were more than simple hymns of endurance and a belief in a better after life.As sung by slaves and their descendents, the spirituals allowed the slaves to communicate secret messages and information to each other about the Underground Railroad. Music can also be therapeutic, improving our emotional estate, sleep patterns, eating habits, social skills, and behavioral awareness. It’s inspirational, energetic, and lyrically scenic. It can also be memorable, emotional, life experienc ing and many other things for people everywhere. Often music is even a mood setter.It can be calming, relaxing or even anger releasing for many people. From the day that I was brought into this world, if not before, the first words and sounds that my mother spoke to me were in the form of a lullaby. She soothed me to sleep, and taught me my ABC’s. Music has helped me, grow emotionally, physically, and intellectually, while simultaneously entertaining. Music for many, such as myself, is also a source of identity and individuality for all, as most prefer different styles and types of music

The Process of Conditioning

Florida Sahay Professor Griffin Psychology 1101 Fall 2009 The Conditioning Process It was raining when Sarah was driving home from work. Both she and the driver of the car in front of her were speeding. The car in front of her had immediately braked. There was not enough distance between that car and her own car to safely slow to a stop, so she had quickly switched lanes to avoid a car accident. Instead, the slick pavement caused her car to swerve out of control. When her car finally skidded to a stop, it was inches away from colliding into a tree.Two weeks later, Sarah noticed that she had become anxious every time she had to drive in the rain. Believe it or not, Sarah’s anxiety is due to an associative learning process called conditioning. According to Weiten (2008), conditioning involves learning associations between events that occur in an organism’s environment (p. 169). Although psychology has a grasp on how we learn through classical and operant conditioning, it is impaired by biological constraints.Classical conditioning, also referred to as Pavlovian conditioning (Weiten, 2008), was discovered by a Russian physiologist, Ivan Pavlov. This form of learning presents how an unconditioned stimulus (UCS), or a neutral event, is initially unable to evoke an unconditioned response (UCR), or a reflexive response, but attains the ability to do so by pairing with another stimulus that can elicit such a response. Sarah’s situation would be an example of classical conditioning. The UCS would be Sarah’s near-death experience. The UCR from Sarah was anxiety and fear.Now that she feels anxiety and fear every time she must drive when it rains, even if there is no chance of another accident, her reaction has become a conditioned response (CR) to the rain, which is now the conditioned stimulus (CS). Another type of conditioning is operant conditioning. Operant conditioning (Weiten, 2008) can be distinguished from classical conditioning in that classical conditioning explains how manipulations by events occur before the reflexive response, whereas operant conditioning explains how the response is influenced by the following result of an event.The response in operant conditioning is not reflexive, but rather, voluntary. Therefore, according to Weiten (2008), operant conditioning is a form of learning in which voluntary responses come to be controlled by their consequences. Operant conditioning occurs on an everyday basis. It can be identified when a child studies hard to earn good grades, an employee works hard to earn a raise in his/her salary, or even a dog performing tricks to earn a treat.Conditioning was assumed to be applied to any species that could respond to a stimulus. On the contrary, discoveries in recent decades have shown that there are limits to conditioning. These limits are due to an organism’s biological heritage (Weiten, 2008). Instinctive drift is one of the many biological constraints. Instincti ve drift was first described by the Brelands who were operant psychologists in the business of training animals for commercial purposes (Breland & Breland, 1966 as cited in Weiten, 2008).This occurs when the conditioning process is hindered by an animal’s response due to innate predispositions. For example, a dog can be trained to fetch a stick, but if the dog is presented with a bone, the dog would most likely run off somewhere to bury the bone. This is because of the dog’s innate food- preserving behavior. As stated by Michael Domjan (2005 as cited in Weiten, 2008), organisms have developed distinctive response systems to deal with vital tasks and survival skills over the course of evolution.The principal view of psychologists today on learning is that learning mechanism among different species are analogous, but some of these mechanisms have been altered due to the demands of the organism’s environment. Theories of conditioning did not allocate the role of co gnitive processes until recent decades. Edward C. Tolman and his colleagues (Tolman & Honzik as cited in Weiten, 2008) developed an experimentation in which they used three groups of rats. All three groups were to run through a complicated maze. Group A was rewarded food daily when they were able to get to the end of the maze.Group B did not receive any food and group C was rewarded food on their 11th trial. Group A showed a much improvement in a short course of time (approximately seventeen days) due to the reinforcement. Group B and C, however, showed little improvement over the course of 10 days. After the 11th trial, group C showed a drastic improvement and even exceeded group A. Tolman determined that the rats in group C have been learning the maze just as much as group A. The motivation of the reward seemed to increase group C’s potential.He termed this as latent learning, which is dormant knowledge that an organism has, but does not express until it is needed. Later on in the study of psychology, cognitive factors were integrated into the study of conditioning. A major theme during the study of conditioning was nature vs. nature (Weiten, 2008). Behavioral traits were thought to be explained through environmental factors, but the recent decades of evidence from the study of classical and operant conditioning has proved that the process of conditioning is impaired by biological constraints.Heritage and the environment once again challenge the theories of nurture when influencing behaviors in organisms. Child-care facilities, schools, factories, and major businesses have all been applied with principles of conditioning in order to improve. Classical and operant conditioning has been a significant contribution and has had a major influence to society.References Weiten, W. (2008). Psychology: Themes & variations briefer version (7th ed. ). Belmont, CA: Wadsworth.

Biography of Mike Pence, United States Vice President

Biography of Mike Pence, United States Vice President Mike Pence (born June 7, 1959) is a conservative American politician who was a member of the House of Representatives and the governor of Indiana before becoming vice president of the United States in the 2016 election. He is serving with President Donald Trump. Fast Facts: Mike Pence Known For: U.S. congressman (2001–2013), governor of Indiana (2013–2017), vice president of the United States (2017–present)Born: June 7, 1959 in Columbus, IndianaParents: Edward Joseph Pence, Jr. and Nancy Pence-FritschEducation: Hanover College (Indiana), BA in 1981; Indiana University School of Law, JD in 1986Spouse: Karen Sue Batten Whitaker (married in 1985)Children: Michael, Charlotte, and Audrey Early Life Mike Pence (Michael Richard Pence) was born on June 7, 1959, in Columbus, Indiana, the third of six children of Edward Joseph and Nancy Cawley Pence. Edwards father was Richard Michael Cawley, an Irish immigrant from Tubbercurry, Ireland, who became a Chicago bus driver. Edward Pence owned a string of gas stations in Indiana and was a Korean War veteran; his wife was an elementary school teacher. Mike Pences parents were Irish Catholic Democrats and Pence grew up admiring President John F. Kennedy, even collecting JFK memorabilia as a youngster. He  graduated from Columbus North High School in 1977, received a BA in history from Hanover College in 1981, and earned a law degree from Indiana University in 1986. Pence met Karen Sue Batten Whitaker, a divorced elementary school teacher, in 1984 at an evangelical church service. They married on June 8, 1985, and have three children: Michael, Charlotte, and Audrey. Early Career As a young man, Pence was a Catholic and a Democrat like his parents, but while at Hanover College, he became a born-again evangelical Christian and a fundamentalist conservative Christian Republican with a desire to serve in politics. He practiced law until he entered politics, making unsuccessful runs for the U.S. Congress in 1988 and 1990. He recalled that experience as one of the most divisive and negative campaigns in Indianas modern Congressional history, and admitted his participation in the negativity, in Confessions of a Negative Campaigner, published in the Indiana Policy Review  in 1991. From 1991 to 1993, Pence served as president of the Indiana Policy Review Foundation, a conservative think-tank. From 1992 to 1999, he hosted a daily conservative talk radio program called the The Mike Pence Show, which was syndicated state-wide in 1994. Pence also hosted a Sunday morning political TV program in Indianapolis from 1995 until 1999. When the Republican representing Indianas 2nd Congressional District announced his retirement in 2000, Pence ran for the seat a third time. 2000 Congressional Election The primary campaign for the seat was a six-way contest pitting Pence against several political veterans, including state Rep. Jeff Linder. Pence emerged the victor and faced the Democratic primary winner Robert Rock, the son of a former Indiana lieutenant governor, and former Republican state Sen. Bill Frazier as a populist independent. After a brutal campaign, Pence was elected after earning 51% of the vote. Congressional Career Pence began his congressional career as one of the most outspoken conservatives in the House. He refused to support a Republican-backed bankruptcy bill because it had an abortion measure in it, with which he disagreed. He also joined a Senate Republican lawsuit challenging the constitutionality of the newly enacted McCain-Feingold campaign finance reform law. He was one of just 33 House members to vote against President George W. Bushs No Child Left Behind Act. In 2002, he cast a vote against a farm subsidy bill, for which he would later express regret. Pence won his subsequent reelection; that same year, the district was renumbered as the 6th. In 2005, Pence was elected to chair the Republican Study Committee, an indication of his growing influence. Controversies Later that year, Hurricane Katrina struck the Louisiana coast and Republicans found themselves cast as insensitive and unwilling to assist with the cleanup. In the midst of the catastrophe, Pence called a press conference announcing the Republican-led Congress would include $24 billion in spending cuts, saying ... [W]e must not let Katrina break the bank. Pence also stirred controversy in 2006 when he teamed with Democrats to break a deadlock on immigration. His bill ultimately foundered and he was castigated by conservatives. Campaign for Minority Leader When Republicans took a significant beating in the 2006 election, Pence observed, We didnt just lose our majority. I believe we lost our way. With that, he threw his hat into the ring for Republican leader, a post that had been held for less than a year by Ohio Congressman John Boehner. The debate centered around the failures of the Republican leadership leading up to the general election, but Pence was defeated 168-27. Political Prospecting   Despite his political setbacks, Pence emerged as a major voice for the Republican Party under Democratic House leadership and in 2008, he was elected House Republican Conference Chairman- the third-highest ranked position in House party leadership. He made several trips to primary states in 2009, which led to speculation that he was considering a run for the presidency. After Republicans regained control of the House in 2010, Pence declined to run for Republican leader, throwing his support instead to Boehner. He also stepped down as chair of the Republican Conference, leading many to suspect he would challenge Indiana Sen. Evan Bayh or run for governor of the state. In early 2011, a movement led by former Kansas Rep. Jim Ryun got underway to draft Pence for president in 2012. Pence remained non-committal but said he would make a decision by the end of January 2011. Pence  decided in May 2011 to  seek the  Republican nomination for governor of Indiana. He ultimately won the election by a narrow vote, taking office in  January 2013. In March 2015 he signed a religious freedom bill into law, which allowed businesses to cite religious beliefs in denying service to potential customers. The bill, however, led to accusations of discrimination against the LGBT community. Pence ran unopposed in the Republican primary for governor in May 2016 in a bid for a second term. Vice Presidency During the 2016 presidential campaign, Pence again considered running but backed Texas Sen. Ted Cruz for the GOP nomination. In December 2015, he criticized then-candidate Donald Trumps call for a temporary U.S. ban on people from Muslim-dominated countries as offensive and unconstitutional. The following June, he characterized Trumps critical comments on U.S. District Court Judge Gonzalo Curiel as inappropriate. At the same time, however, Pence praised Trumps stand on jobs. In July, Trump named him as his running mate in the presidential election. Pence accepted and pulled the plug on his gubernatorial campaign. Pence was elected vice president on November 8, 2016, and was sworn in on January 20, 2017, alongside President Donald Trump. Sources DAntonio, Michael and Peter Eisner. The Shadow President: The Truth about Mike Pence. New York: St. Martins Press, 2018. (partisan left)De la Cuetara, Ines and Chris Good. Mike Pence: Everything You Need to Know. ABC News, July 20, 2016.  Neal, Andrea. Pence: The Path to Power. Bloomington, Indiana: Red Lightning Press, 2018. (partisan right)Phillips, Amber. Who is Mike Pence? Washington Post, October 4, 2016.  Mike Pence Fast Facts. CNN, June 14, 2016.

The Life of Gertrude Bell, English Explorer in Iraq

The Life of Gertrude Bell, English Explorer in Iraq Gertrude Bell (July 14, 1868 – July 12, 1926) was a British writer, politician, and archaeologist whose knowledge and travels in the Middle East made her a valuable and influential person in British administration of the region. Unlike many of her countrymen, she was regarded with considerable respect by the locals in Iraq, Jordan, and other countries. Fast Facts: Gertrude Bell Full Name: Gertrude Margaret Lowthian BellKnown For: Archaeologist and historian who gained significant knowledge of the Middle East and helped shape the region post-World War I. She was particularly influential in the creation of the state of Iraq.Born: July 14, 1868 in Washington New Hall,  County Durham, EnglandDied: July 12, 1926 in Baghdad, IraqParents: Sir Hugh Bell and Mary BellHonors: Order of the British Empire; namesake of the mountain Gertrudspitze and the wild bee genus  Belliturgula Early Life Gertrude Bell was born in Washington, England, in the northeastern county of Durham. Her father was Sir Hugh Bell, a baronet who was a sheriff and a justice of the peace before joining the family manufacturing firm, Bell Brothers, and gaining a reputation for being a progressive and caring boss. Her mother, Mary Shield Bell, died giving birth to a son, Maurice, when Bell was only three years old. Sir Hugh remarried four years later to Florence Olliffe. Bell’s family was wealthy and influential; her grandfather was ironmaster and politician Sir Isaac Lowthian Bell. A playwright and children’s author, her stepmother was a major influence on Bells early life. She taught Bell etiquette and decorum, but also encouraged her intellectual curiosity and social responsibility. Bell was well-educated, first attending Queen’s College, then Lady Margaret Hall at Oxford University. Despite the limitations placed on female students, Bell graduated with first-class honors in just two years, becoming one of the first two Oxford women to achieve those honors with a modern history degree (the other was her classmate Alice Greenwood). World Travels After completing her degree, in 1892, Bell began her travels, first heading to Persia to visit her uncle, Sir Frank Lascelles, who was a minister at the embassy there. Only two years later, she published her first book, Persian Pictures, describing these travels. For Bell, this was only the beginning of over a decade of extensive travel. Bell quickly became a bonafide adventurer, going mountaineering in Switzerland and developing fluency in several languages, including French, German, Persian, and Arabic (plus proficiency in Italian and Turkish). She developed a passion for archaeology and continued her interest in modern history and peoples. In 1899, she returned to the Middle East, visiting Palestine and Syria and stopping in the historic cities of Jerusalem and Damascus. In the course of her travels, she began to become acquainted with the people living in the region. In addition to simply traveling, Bell continued some of her more daring expeditions. She climbed Mont Blanc, the highest peak in the Alps, and even had one peak, the Gertrudspitze, named after her in 1901. She also spent considerable time in the Arabian Peninsula over the course of more than a decade. King of Saudi Arabia, Ibn Saud, meets with British diplomat Sir Percy Cox and political advisor Gertrude Bell in Basra, Mesopotamia. The LIFE Picture Collection / Getty Images Bell never married or had any children, and only had a few known romantic attachments. After meeting the administrator Sir Frank Swettenham on a visit to Singapore, she kept up a correspondence with him, despite their 18-year age gap. They had a brief affair in 1904 after his return to England. More significantly, she exchanged passionate love letters from 1913 until 1915 with Lieutenant Colonel Charles Doughty-Wylie, an army officer who was already married. Their affair remained unconsummated, and after his death in action in 1915, she had no other known romances. Archaeologist in the Middle East In 1907, Bell began working with archaeologist and scholar Sir William M. Ramsay. They worked on excavations in modern-day Turkey, as well as the discovery of a field of ancient ruins in the north of Syria. Two years later, she shifted her focus to Mesopotamia, visiting and studying the ruins of ancient cities. In 1913, she became only the second foreign woman to journey to Ha’li, a notoriously unstable and dangerous city in Saudi Arabia. When World War I broke out, Bell tried to obtain a posting in the Middle East but was denied; instead, she volunteered with the Red Cross. However, British intelligence was soon in need of her expertise in the region to get soldiers through the desert. During her expeditions, she forged close relationships with locals and tribe leaders. Starting from there, Bell gained remarkable influence in shaping British policy in the area. Bell became the sole female political officer in the British forces and was sent to areas where her expertise was needed. During this time, she also witnessed the horrors of the Armenian genocide and wrote about it in her reports of the time. The delegates of the Mespot Commission at the Cairo Conference. The group was set up by Colonial Secretary Winston Churchill to discuss the future of Arab nations. Gertrude Bell on the left, second row. Corbis Historical / Getty Images Political Career After British forces captured Baghdad in 1917, Bell was given the title of Oriental Secretary and ordered to assist in the restructuring of the area that had previously been the Ottoman Empire. In particular, her focus was the new creation of Iraq. In her report, â€Å"Self Determination in Mesopotamia,† she laid out her ideas about how the new leadership should work, based on her experience in the region and with its people. Unfortunately, the British commissioner, Arnold Wilson, believed that the Arab government needed to be overseen by British officials who would hold the final power, and many of Bell’s recommendations were not implemented. Bell continued on as Oriental Secretary, which in practice meant liaising between the various different factions and interests. At the Cairo Conference of 1921, she was critical in discussions on Iraqi leadership. She advocated for Faisal bin Hussein to be named the first King of Iraq, and when he was installed in the post, she advised him on a wide variety of political matters and supervised the selection of his cabinet and other positions. She gained the moniker al-Khatun among the Arab population, signifying a â€Å"Lady of the Court† who observes to serve the state. Bell also participated in the drawing of borders in the Middle East; her reports from that time proved to be prescient, as she remarked on the likelihood that none of the possible borders and divisions would satisfy all factions and keep long-term peace. Her close relationship with King Faisal also resulted in the founding of the Iraqi Archaeological Museum and an Iraq base of the British School of Archaeology. Bell personally brought artifacts from her own collection and supervised excavations as well. Over the next few years, she remained a key part of the new Iraqi administration. Death and Legacy Bell’s workload, combined with the desert heat and a slew of illnesses, took its toll on her health. She suffered from recurrent bronchitis and began losing weight rapidly. In 1925, she returned to England only to face a new set of problems. Her family’s wealth, made mostly in industry, was in rapid decline, thanks to the combined effects of industrial worker strikes and economic depression across Europe. She became ill with pleurisy and, almost immediately after, her brother Hugh died of typhoid fever. On the morning of July 12, 1926, her maid discovered her dead, apparently of an overdose of sleeping pills. It was unclear if the overdose was accidental or not. She was buried at the British cemetery in the Bab al-Sharji district in Baghdad. In the tributes following her death, she was praised for both her achievements and her personality by her British colleagues, and she was posthumously awarded the Order of the British Empire. Among the Arabic communities she worked with, it was noted that â€Å"she was one of the few representatives of His Majestys Government remembered by the Arabs with anything resembling affection.† Sources Adams, Amanda. Ladies of the Field: Early Women Archaeologists and Their Search for Adventure. Greystone Books Ltd, 2010.Howell, Georgina. Gertrude Bell: Queen of the Desert, Shaper of Nations. Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2006.Meyer, Karl E.; Brysac, Shareen B. Kingmakers: The Invention of the Modern Middle East. New York: W.W. Norton Co., 2008.

Is Evolution True Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Is Evolution True - Term Paper Example New species are thought to have originated from a common branch and ultimately from one original ancestor. Coyne believes that different mixtures of genes are reproduced more effectively than others due to the varying abilities of organisms to survive and give birth in a common, shared environment. It is important to remember that only fittest organisms adapt and survival in particular environments. By saying that evolution is true, Coyne means that the central propositions of the theory of evolution are always true. In addition, he also means that these propositions should be always accepted as true because of the increasingly decisive evidence available. The word ‘theory’ is used by many biologists on evolution but this does not necessarily mean that evolution is a mere theoretical speculation, as applied by many scientists. The word evolution represents a well thought out group of propositions that explain and substantiate the facts about the world and the people livi ng in it (Coyne, 2009). In the first chapter, Coyne talks about the basic conceptual framework on evolutionary theory and tries to clarify common misconceptions about the reality of science and how science works as well as the creationist misuse of the ‘theory’. The second chapter is very much brief and talks about the fossil evidence of evolution and gives out examples on the same. Such examples include the origin of tetrapods.

Eng project 2 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Eng project 2 - Essay Example In addition, this can illuminate the many ways in which writers can come to vastly different conclusions regarding the relevance of a single particular story, even when confronted with exactly the same words on paper. An examination into how two different students interpreted the symbolism of â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† will demonstrate how even very similar ideas and viewpoints can lead to greatly different applications and conclusions. The two sample essays have many similarities in the way in which they interpreted some of the key symbols of the story, primarily the meanings of the wallpaper pattern, the creeping of the woman and the peeling of the paper, but the second essay takes these themes one step further, expanding the understanding of the story into a deeper context. In the first essay, the student interprets the yellow wallpaper as a thin veil meant to trap and hide the narrator’s true personality. This is extended to the polite society in which she lives, where her husband attempts to hide her encroaching madness in a quiet country house that is â€Å"quite alone, standing well back from the road, quite three miles from the village.† The pattern in the wallpaper becomes the confining pattern of the narrator’s life as she maintains the schedule her husband has set for her despite her own objections and thoughts concerning her welfare. The pattern itself serves as the bars to the pris on she finds herself in, with a foreign pattern to them because they are not of her making. This writer sees the creeping of the woman behind the wallpaper to be the creeping of the narrator as she sneaks around the room, hiding her real thoughts and ambitions from the jailors that set this unnatural rhythm. Yet, the woman behind the wallpaper is seen also as becoming a different persona altogether, the persona of the woman’s sanity. The peeling of the wallpaper, then, becomes not only a freeing of the woman